Punctuation

In a lambda expression, delimit the captures. In an attribute specifier, delimit the attributes.	(since C++11)
In a structured binding declaration, delimit the identifier list.	(since C++17)
In a pack indexing, delimit converted constant expression representing an index.	(since C++26)

`(` and `)`

In an expression, indicate grouping.
Function call operator; part of operator() in operator overloading.
In a function-style type cast, delimit the expression/initializers.
In a static_cast, const_cast, reinterpret_cast, or dynamic_cast, delimit the expression.
Delimit the operand of the following operators:

(since C++11)

In a placement new expression, delimit the placement arguments.
In a new expression, optionally delimit the type-id.
In a new expression, delimit the initializers.
In a C-style cast, delimit the type-id.
In a declaration or a type-id, indicate grouping.
Delimit the parameter list in

a function declarator (in a declaration or a type-id)

a lambda expression	(since C++11)
a user-defined deduction guide	(since C++17)
a `requires` expression	(since C++20)

Part of the direct-initialization syntax of an initializer.
In an asm declaration, delimit the string literal.
In a member initializer list, delimit the initializers to a base or member.
Delimit the controlling clause of a selection statement or iteration statement, including:

if (except consteval if)(since C++23)
switch
while
do-while
for

range-based for

(since C++11)

In a handler, delimit the parameter declaration.
In a function-like macro definition, delimit the macro parameters.
In a function-like macro invocation, delimit the macro arguments or prevent commas from being interpreted as argument separators.
Part of a defined, __has_include(since C++17), __has_cpp_attribute(since C++20) preprocessing operator.

In a static_assert declaration, delimit the operands.
Delimit the operand of the following specifiers:

explicit

(since C++20)

In an attribute, delimit the attribute arguments.

(since C++11)

Part of decltype(auto) specifier.

(since C++14)

Delimit a fold expression.

(since C++17)

Part of __VA_OPT__ replacement in a variadic macro definition.

(since C++20)

`;`

Indicate the end of

a statement
a declaration or member declaration

a module declaration, import declaration, global module fragment introducer, or private module fragment introducer
a requirement

(since C++20)

Separate the condition and statement of a for statement.

`:`

Part of conditional operator.
Part of label declaration.
In the base-clause of a class definition, introduce the base class.
Part of access specifier in member specification.
In a bit-field member declaration, introduce the width.
In a constructor definition, introduce the member initializer list.

In a range-based `for` statement, separate the item-declaration and the range-initializer. In the enum-base of an enumeration declaration, introduce the underlying type.	(since C++11)
In an attribute specifier, separate the attribute-namespace and the attribute-list.	(since C++17)
In a module declaration or import declaration of module partition, introduce the module partition name. Part of a private module fragment introducer (`module :private;`).	(since C++20)

`?`

Part of conditional operator.

`.`

Member access operator.

In aggregate initialization, introduce a designator.
Part of module name or module partition name.

(since C++20)

`~`

Alternative spelling is compl.

Unary complement operator (a.k.a. bitwise not operator); part of operator~ in operator overloading.
Part of an identifier expression to name a destructor or pseudo-destructor.

`!`

Alternative spelling is not.

Logical not operator; part of operator! in operator overloading.

Part of consteval if statement.

(since C++23)

`+`

Unary plus operator; part of operator+ in operator overloading.
Binary plus operator; part of operator+ in operator overloading.

`-`

Unary minus operator; part of operator- in operator overloading.
Binary minus operator; part of operator- in operator overloading.

`*`

Indirection operator; part of operator* in operator overloading.
Multiplication operator; part of operator* in operator overloading.
Pointer operator or part of pointer-to-member operator in a declarator or in a type-id.

Part of *this in a lambda capture list, to capture the current object by copy.

(since C++17)

Address-of operator; part of operator& in operator overloading.
Bitwise and operator; part of operator& in operator overloading.
Lvalue-reference operator in a declarator or in a type-id.

In a lambda capture, indicate by-reference capture.
Ref-qualifier in member function declaration.

(since C++11)

`|`

Alternative spelling is bitor.

Bitwise or operator; part of operator| in operator overloading.

`=`

Simple assignment operator; part of operator= in operator overloading, which might be a special member function (copy assignment operatoror move assignment operator(since C++11)).
Part of the copy-initialization and aggregate initialization(until C++11)copy-list-initialization(since C++11) syntax of an initializer.
In a function declaration, introduce a default argument.
In a template parameter list, introduce a default template argument.
In a namespace alias definition, separate the alias and the aliased namespace.
In an enum definition, introduce the value of enumerator.
Part of pure-specifier in a pure virtual function declaration.

Capture default in lambda capture, to indicate by-copy capture. Part of defaulted definition (`=default;`) or deleted definition (`=delete;`) in function definition. In a type alias declaration, separate the alias and the aliased type.	(since C++11)
In a concept definition, separate the concept name and the constraint expression.	(since C++20)

`<`

Less-than operator; part of operator< in operator overloading.
In a static_cast, const_cast, reinterpret_cast, or dynamic_cast, introduce the type-id.
Introduce a template argument list.
Introduce a template parameter list in

a lambda expression

(since C++20)

Part of template<> in template specialization declaration.
Introduce a header name in

a #include directive

a `__has_include` preprocessing expression	(since C++17)
an `import` declaration	(since C++20)

`>`

Greater-than operator; part of operator> in operator overloading.
static_cast, const_cast, reinterpret_cast, or dynamic_cast, indicate the end of type-id.
Indicate the end of a template argument list.
Indicate the end of a template parameter list in

a lambda expression

(since C++20)

Part of template<> in template specialization declaration.
Indicate the end of a header name in

a #include directive

a `__has_include` preprocessing expression	(since C++17)
an `import` declaration	(since C++20)

`,`

Comma operator; part of operator, in operator overloading.
List separator in

the declarator list in a declaration
initializer list in initialization
the placement argument list in a placement new
the argument list in a function call expression
the enumerator list in an enum declaration
the base class list in a class declaration
the member initializer list in a constructor definition
a function parameter list
a template parameter list
a template argument list

a lambda capture list an attribute list	(since C++11)
the declarator list in a using-declaration the identifier list in a structured binding declaration	(since C++17)
the argument list in a multi-argument subscript expression	(since C++23)

the macro parameter list in a function-like macro definition
the macro argument list in a function-like macro invocation, unless found between the parentheses of an argument

In a static_assert declaration, separate the arguments.

(since C++11)

Multi-character operators and punctuators

`[:` and `:]` (since C++26)

Delimit a splice specifier.

`^^` (since C++26)

Reflection operator.

`...`

In the parameter list of a function declarator or lambda expression(since C++11) or user-defined deduction guide(since C++17), signify a variadic function.
In a handler, signify catch-all handler.

In a macro definition, signify a variadic macro. Indicate pack declaration and expansion.	(since C++11)
In pack indexing expression and specifier.	(since C++26)

`::`

Scope resolution operator in

a qualified name
a pointer-to-member declaration
a new or delete expression, to indicate that only global allocation or deallocation functions are looked up

In an attribute, indicate attribute scope.	(since C++11)
Part of nested namespace definition.	(since C++17)

`.*`

Pointer-to-member access operator.

`->`

Member access operator; part of operator-> in operator overloading.

In a function declarator or lambda expression, introduce the trailing return type.	(since C++11)
In a user-defined deduction guide, introduce the result type.	(since C++17)
In a compound requirement, introduce the return type requirement.	(since C++20)