Common mathematical functions
Functions
Defined in header <cstdlib> |
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(C++11) | computes absolute value of an integral value (\(\small{|x|}\)|x|) (function) |
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(C++11) | computes quotient and remainder of integer division (function) |
Defined in header <cinttypes> |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes absolute value of an integral value (\(\small{|x|}\)|x|) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes quotient and remainder of integer division (function) |
Defined in header <cmath> |
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Basic operations |
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(C++11)(C++11) | absolute value of a floating point value (\(\small{|x|}\)|x|) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | remainder of the floating point division operation (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | signed remainder of the division operation (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | signed remainder as well as the three last bits of the division operation (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | fused multiply-add operation (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | larger of two floating-point values (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | smaller of two floating point values (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | positive difference of two floating point values (\({\small\max{(0, x-y)}}\)max(0, x-y)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | not-a-number (NaN) (function) |
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(C++26) | determines larger of two floating-point values. If either argument is NaN, returns NaN (function) |
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(C++26) | determines smaller of two floating-point values. If either argument is NaN, returns NaN (function) |
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(C++26) | determines larger of two floating-point values. If one argument is NaN, returns the non-NaN argument. Returns NaN only if both arguments are NaN (function) |
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(C++26) | determines smaller of two floating-point values. If one argument is NaN, returns the non-NaN argument. Returns NaN only if both arguments are NaN (function) |
Exponential functions |
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(C++11)(C++11) | returns e raised to the given power (\({\small e^x}\)ex) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | returns 2 raised to the given power (\({\small 2^x}\)2x) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | returns e raised to the given power, minus 1 (\({\small e^x-1}\)ex-1) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes natural (base e) logarithm (\({\small\ln{x}}\)ln(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes common (base 10) logarithm (\({\small\log_{10}{x}}\)log10(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | base 2 logarithm of the given number (\({\small\log_{2}{x}}\)log2(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | natural logarithm (to base e) of 1 plus the given number (\({\small\ln{(1+x)}}\)ln(1+x)) (function) |
Power functions |
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(C++11)(C++11) | raises a number to the given power (\(\small{x^y}\)xy) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes square root (\(\small{\sqrt{x}}\)√x) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | computes cube root (\(\small{\sqrt[3]{x}}\)3√x) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | computes hypotenuse \(\scriptsize{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}}\)√x2+y2 and \(\scriptsize{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}}\)√x2+y2+z2(since C++17) (function) |
Trigonometric functions |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes sine (\({\small\sin{x}}\)sin(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes cosine (\({\small\cos{x}}\)cos(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes tangent (\({\small\tan{x}}\)tan(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes arc sine (\({\small\arcsin{x}}\)arcsin(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes arc cosine (\({\small\arccos{x}}\)arccos(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes arc tangent (\({\small\arctan{x}}\)arctan(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | arc tangent, using signs to determine quadrants (function) |
Hyperbolic functions |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes hyperbolic sine (\({\small\sinh{x}}\)sinh(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes hyperbolic cosine (\({\small\cosh{x}}\)cosh(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | computes hyperbolic tangent (\({\small\tanh{x}}\)tanh(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | computes the inverse hyperbolic sine (\({\small\operatorname{arsinh}{x}}\)arsinh(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | computes the inverse hyperbolic cosine (\({\small\operatorname{arcosh}{x}}\)arcosh(x)) (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent (\({\small\operatorname{artanh}{x}}\)artanh(x)) (function) |
Error and gamma functions |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | error function (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | complementary error function (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | gamma function (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | natural logarithm of the gamma function (function) |
Nearest integer floating point operations |
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(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer not less than the given value (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer not greater than the given value (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer not greater in magnitude than the given value (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer, rounding away from zero in halfway cases (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer using current rounding mode (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | nearest integer using current rounding mode with exception if the result differs (function) |
Floating point manipulation functions |
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(C++11)(C++11) | decomposes a number into significand and base-2 exponent (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | multiplies a number by 2 raised to an integral power (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11) | decomposes a number into integer and fractional parts (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | multiplies a number by FLT_RADIX raised to a power (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | extracts exponent of the number (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | extracts exponent of the number (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | next representable floating-point value towards the given value (function) |
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(C++26)(C++26)(C++26)(C++26)(C++26)(C++26) | determines next representable floating-point value greater or less than the given value (function) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | copies the sign of a floating point value (function) |
Classification and comparison |
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(C++11) | categorizes the given floating-point value (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the given number has finite value (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the given number is infinite (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the given number is NaN (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the given number is normal (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the given number is negative (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the first floating-point argument is greater than the second (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the first floating-point argument is greater or equal than the second (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the first floating-point argument is less than the second (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the first floating-point argument is less or equal than the second (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if the first floating-point argument is less or greater than the second (function) |
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(C++11) | checks if two floating-point values are unordered (function) |
Types
Defined in header <cstdlib> |
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structure type, returned by std::div (typedef) |
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structure type, returned by std::ldiv (typedef) |
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(C++11) | structure type, returned by std::lldiv (typedef) |
Defined in header <cinttypes> |
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(C++11) | structure type, returned by std::imaxdiv (typedef) |
Defined in header <cmath> |
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float_t
(C++11) | most efficient floating-point type at least as wide as float (typedef) |
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double_t
(C++11) | most efficient floating-point type at least as wide as double (typedef) |
Macro constants
Defined in header <cmath> |
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(C++11)(C++11) | indicates the overflow value for float, double and longdouble respectively (macro constant) |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | defines the error handling mechanism used by the common mathematical functions (macro constant) |
Defined in header <cmath> (deprecated in C++26) |
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Defined in header <cfloat> (since C++26) |
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(C++11) | evaluates to positive infinity (if exists) (macro constant) |
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(C++11) | evaluates to a quiet NaN of type float (if exists) (macro constant) |
Defined in header <cfloat> |
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(C++26) | evaluates to a signaling NaN of float, double and longdouble respectively (if exists) (macro constant) |
Classification |
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Defined in header <cmath> |
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(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11) | indicates a floating-point category (macro constant) |
Notes
| Feature-test macro | Value | Std | Feature |
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__cpp_lib_constexpr_cmath | 202202L | (C++23) | Constexpr for FP environment agnostic mathematical functions in <cmath> and <cstdlib> |
202306L | (C++26) | Constexpr for most mathematical functions in <cmath> |
See also
| Mathematical special functions | |
| C documentation for Common mathematical functions |
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