`animation-duration` CSS property

The animation-duration CSS property sets the length of time that an animation takes to complete one cycle.

It is often convenient to use the shorthand property animation to set all animation properties at once.

Try it

animation-duration: 750ms;

animation-duration: 3s;

animation-duration: 0s;

<section class="flex-column" id="default-example">
  <div class="animating" id="example-element"></div>
  <button id="play-pause">Play</button>
</section>

#example-element {
  animation-direction: alternate;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
  animation-name: slide;
  animation-play-state: paused;
  animation-timing-function: ease-in;
  background-color: #1766aa;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 5px solid #333333;
  color: white;
  height: 150px;
  margin: auto;
  margin-left: 0;
  width: 150px;
}

#example-element.running {
  animation-play-state: running;
}

#play-pause {
  font-size: 2rem;
}

@keyframes slide {
  from {
    background-color: orange;
    color: black;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
  to {
    background-color: orange;
    color: black;
    margin-left: 80%;
  }
}

const el = document.getElementById("example-element");
const button = document.getElementById("play-pause");

button.addEventListener("click", () => {
  if (el.classList.contains("running")) {
    el.classList.remove("running");
    button.textContent = "Play";
  } else {
    el.classList.add("running");
    button.textContent = "Pause";
  }
});

Syntax

/* Single animation */
animation-duration: auto; /* Default */
animation-duration: 6s;
animation-duration: 120ms;

/* Multiple animations */
animation-duration: 1.64s, 15.22s;
animation-duration: 10s, 35s, 230ms;

/* Global values */
animation-duration: inherit;
animation-duration: initial;
animation-duration: revert;
animation-duration: revert-layer;
animation-duration: unset;

Values

This property is specified as a comma-separated list of the following values:

auto

For time-based animations, auto is equivalent to a value of 0s (see below). For CSS scroll-driven animations, auto fills the entire timeline with the animation.

<time>

The time that an animation takes to complete one cycle. This may be specified in either seconds (s) or milliseconds (ms). The value must be positive or zero and the unit is required.

If no value is provided, the default value of 0s is used, in which case the animation still executes (the animationStart and animationEnd events are fired). Whether or not the animation will be visible when the duration is 0s will depend on the value of animation-fill-mode, as explained below:

• If animation-fill-mode is set to backwards or both, the first frame of the animation as defined by animation-direction will be displayed during animation-delay countdown.
• If animation-fill-mode is set to forwards or both, the last frame of the animation will be displayed, as defined by animation-direction, after the animation-delay expires.
• If animation-fill-mode is set to none, the animation will have no visible effect.

Formal definition

Formal syntax

animation-duration = 
  [ auto | <time [0s,∞]> ]#

Examples

Setting animation duration

This animation has an animation-duration of 0.7 seconds.

HTML

<div class="box"></div>

CSS

.box {
  background-color: rebeccapurple;
  border-radius: 10px;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
}

.box:hover {
  animation-name: rotate;
  animation-duration: 0.7s;
}

@keyframes rotate {
  0% {
    transform: rotate(0);
  }
  100% {
    transform: rotate(360deg);
  }
}

Result

Hover over the rectangle to start the animation.

See CSS animations for more examples.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

See also

• Using CSS animations
• JavaScript AnimationEvent API
• Other related animation properties: animation, animation-composition, animation-delay, animation-direction, animation-fill-mode, animation-iteration-count, animation-name, animation-play-state, animation-timeline, animation-timing-function