Dynamic mapping

One of the most important features of Elasticsearch is that it tries to get out of your way and let you start exploring your data as quickly as possible. To index a document, you don’t have to first create an index, define a mapping type, and define your fields — you can just index a document and the index, type, and fields will display automatically:

resp = client.index(
    index="data",
    id="1",
    document={
        "count": 5
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.index(
  index: 'data',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    count: 5
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.index({
  index: "data",
  id: 1,
  document: {
    count: 5,
  },
});
console.log(response);

PUT data/_doc/1 
{ "count": 5 }

The automatic detection and addition of new fields is called dynamic mapping. The dynamic mapping rules can be customized to suit your purposes with: