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Geo-distance query

Matches geo_point and geo_shape values within a given distance of a geopoint.

Example

Assume the following documents are indexed:

resp = client.indices.create(
    index="my_locations",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "pin": {
                "properties": {
                    "location": {
                        "type": "geo_point"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

resp1 = client.index(
    index="my_locations",
    id="1",
    document={
        "pin": {
            "location": {
                "lat": 40.12,
                "lon": -71.34
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp1)

resp2 = client.indices.create(
    index="my_geoshapes",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "pin": {
                "properties": {
                    "location": {
                        "type": "geo_shape"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp2)

resp3 = client.index(
    index="my_geoshapes",
    id="1",
    document={
        "pin": {
            "location": {
                "type": "polygon",
                "coordinates": [
                    [
                        [
                            13,
                            51.5
                        ],
                        [
                            15,
                            51.5
                        ],
                        [
                            15,
                            54
                        ],
                        [
                            13,
                            54
                        ],
                        [
                            13,
                            51.5
                        ]
                    ]
                ]
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp3)

response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        pin: {
          properties: {
            location: {
              type: 'geo_point'
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my_locations',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    pin: {
      location: {
        lat: 40.12,
        lon: -71.34
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'my_geoshapes',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        pin: {
          properties: {
            location: {
              type: 'geo_shape'
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'my_geoshapes',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    pin: {
      location: {
        type: 'polygon',
        coordinates: [
          [
            [
              13,
              51.5
            ],
            [
              15,
              51.5
            ],
            [
              15,
              54
            ],
            [
              13,
              54
            ],
            [
              13,
              51.5
            ]
          ]
        ]
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.indices.create({
  index: "my_locations",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      pin: {
        properties: {
          location: {
            type: "geo_point",
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

const response1 = await client.index({
  index: "my_locations",
  id: 1,
  document: {
    pin: {
      location: {
        lat: 40.12,
        lon: -71.34,
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response1);

const response2 = await client.indices.create({
  index: "my_geoshapes",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      pin: {
        properties: {
          location: {
            type: "geo_shape",
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response2);

const response3 = await client.index({
  index: "my_geoshapes",
  id: 1,
  document: {
    pin: {
      location: {
        type: "polygon",
        coordinates: [
          [
            [13, 51.5],
            [15, 51.5],
            [15, 54],
            [13, 54],
            [13, 51.5],
          ],
        ],
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response3);

PUT /my_locations
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "pin": {
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "geo_point"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT /my_locations/_doc/1
{
  "pin": {
    "location": {
      "lat": 40.12,
      "lon": -71.34
    }
  }
}

PUT /my_geoshapes
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "pin": {
        "properties": {
          "location": {
            "type": "geo_shape"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT /my_geoshapes/_doc/1
{
  "pin": {
    "location": {
      "type" : "polygon",
      "coordinates" : [[[13.0 ,51.5], [15.0, 51.5], [15.0, 54.0], [13.0, 54.0], [13.0 ,51.5]]]
    }
  }
}

Use a geo_distance filter to match geo_point values within a specified distance of another geopoint:

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "200km",
                    "pin.location": {
                        "lat": 40,
                        "lon": -70
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '200km',
            'pin.location' => {
              lat: 40,
              lon: -70
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            lat: 40,
            lon: -70,
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET /my_locations/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            "lat": 40,
            "lon": -70
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Use the same filter to match geo_shape values within the given distance:

resp = client.search(
    index="my_geoshapes",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "200km",
                    "pin.location": {
                        "lat": 40,
                        "lon": -70
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_geoshapes',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '200km',
            'pin.location' => {
              lat: 40,
              lon: -70
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_geoshapes",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            lat: 40,
            lon: -70,
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET my_geoshapes/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            "lat": 40,
            "lon": -70
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

To match both geo_point and geo_shape values, search both indices:

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations,my_geoshapes",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "200km",
                    "pin.location": {
                        "lat": 40,
                        "lon": -70
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations,my_geoshapes',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '200km',
            'pin.location' => {
              lat: 40,
              lon: -70
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations,my_geoshapes",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            lat: 40,
            lon: -70,
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET my_locations,my_geoshapes/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "200km",
          "pin.location": {
            "lat": 40,
            "lon": -70
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Accepted formats

In much the same way the geo_point type can accept different representations of the geo point, the filter can accept it as well:

Lat lon as properties

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "12km",
                    "pin.location": {
                        "lat": 40,
                        "lon": -70
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '12km',
            'pin.location' => {
              lat: 40,
              lon: -70
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "12km",
          "pin.location": {
            lat: 40,
            lon: -70,
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET /my_locations/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "12km",
          "pin.location": {
            "lat": 40,
            "lon": -70
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Lat lon as array

Format in [lon, lat], note, the order of lon/lat here in order to conform with GeoJSON.

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "12km",
                    "pin.location": [
                        -70,
                        40
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '12km',
            'pin.location' => [
              -70,
              40
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "12km",
          "pin.location": [-70, 40],
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET /my_locations/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "12km",
          "pin.location": [ -70, 40 ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Lat lon as WKT string

Format in Well-Known Text.

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "12km",
                    "pin.location": "POINT (-70 40)"
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '12km',
            'pin.location' => 'POINT (-70 40)'
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "12km",
          "pin.location": "POINT (-70 40)",
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET /my_locations/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "12km",
          "pin.location": "POINT (-70 40)"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Geohash

resp = client.search(
    index="my_locations",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_distance": {
                    "distance": "12km",
                    "pin.location": "drm3btev3e86"
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

response = client.search(
  index: 'my_locations',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_distance: {
            distance: '12km',
            'pin.location' => 'drm3btev3e86'
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

const response = await client.search({
  index: "my_locations",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_distance: {
          distance: "12km",
          "pin.location": "drm3btev3e86",
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

GET /my_locations/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_distance": {
          "distance": "12km",
          "pin.location": "drm3btev3e86"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Options

The following are options allowed on the filter:

`distance`	The radius of the circle centred on the specified location. Points which fall into this circle are considered to be matches. The `distance` can be specified in various units. See Distance Units.
`distance_type`	How to compute the distance. Can either be `arc` (default), or `plane` (faster, but inaccurate on long distances and close to the poles).
`_name`	Optional name field to identify the query
`validation_method`	Set to `IGNORE_MALFORMED` to accept geo points with invalid latitude or longitude, set to `COERCE` to additionally try and infer correct coordinates (default is `STRICT`).

Multi location per document

The geo_distance filter can work with multiple locations / points per document. Once a single location / point matches the filter, the document will be included in the filter.

Ignore unmapped

When set to true the ignore_unmapped option will ignore an unmapped field and will not match any documents for this query. This can be useful when querying multiple indexes which might have different mappings. When set to false (the default value) the query will throw an exception if the field is not mapped.

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https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/8.17/query-dsl-geo-distance-query.html