std/private/ospaths2

Imports

since, strutils, pathnorm, oserrors, oscommon, winlean, osseps, ntpath

Procs

proc `/`(head, tail: string): string {.noSideEffect, inline, ...raises: [],
                                       tags: [], forbids: [].}

The same as joinPath(head, tail) proc.

See also:

• /../ proc
• joinPath(head, tail) proc
• joinPath(parts: varargs[string]) proc
• splitPath proc
• uri.combine proc
• uri./ proc

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert "usr" / "" == "usr"
  assert "" / "lib" == "lib"
  assert "" / "/lib" == "/lib"
  assert "usr/" / "/lib/" == "usr/lib/"
  assert "usr" / "lib" / "../bin" == "usr/bin"

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proc `/../`(head, tail: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...raises: [], tags: [],
    forbids: [].}

The same as parentDir(head) / tail, unless there is no parent directory. Then head / tail is performed instead.

See also:

• / proc
• parentDir proc

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert "a/b/c" /../ "d/e" == "a/b/d/e"
  assert "a" /../ "d/e" == "a/d/e"

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proc absolutePath(path: string; root = getCurrentDir()): string {.
    ...raises: [ValueError], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Returns the absolute path of path, rooted at root (which must be absolute; default: current directory). If path is absolute, return it, ignoring root.

See also:

• normalizedPath proc
• normalizePath proc

Example:

assert absolutePath("a") == getCurrentDir() / "a"

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proc addFileExt(filename, ext: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Adds the file extension ext to filename, unless filename already has an extension.

Ext should be given without the leading '.', because some filesystems may use a different character. (Although I know of none such beast.)

See also:

• searchExtPos proc
• splitFile proc
• extractFilename proc
• lastPathPart proc
• changeFileExt proc

Example:

assert addFileExt("foo.bar", "baz") == "foo.bar"
assert addFileExt("foo.bar", "") == "foo.bar"
assert addFileExt("foo", "baz") == "foo.baz"

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proc changeFileExt(filename, ext: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Changes the file extension to ext.

If the filename has no extension, ext will be added. If ext == "" then any extension is removed.

Ext should be given without the leading '.', because some filesystems may use a different character. (Although I know of none such beast.)

See also:

• searchExtPos proc
• splitFile proc
• extractFilename proc
• lastPathPart proc
• addFileExt proc

Example:

assert changeFileExt("foo.bar", "baz") == "foo.baz"
assert changeFileExt("foo.bar", "") == "foo"
assert changeFileExt("foo", "baz") == "foo.baz"

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proc cmpPaths(pathA, pathB: string): int {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Compares two paths.

On a case-sensitive filesystem this is done case-sensitively otherwise case-insensitively. Returns:

0 if pathA == pathB
< 0 if pathA < pathB
> 0 if pathA > pathB

Example:

when defined(macosx):
  assert cmpPaths("foo", "Foo") == 0
elif defined(posix):
  assert cmpPaths("foo", "Foo") > 0

Source Edit

proc extractFilename(path: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Extracts the filename of a given path.

This is the same as name & ext from splitFile(path) proc.

See also:

• searchExtPos proc
• splitFile proc
• lastPathPart proc
• changeFileExt proc
• addFileExt proc

Example:

assert extractFilename("foo/bar/") == ""
assert extractFilename("foo/bar") == "bar"
assert extractFilename("foo/bar.baz") == "bar.baz"

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proc getCurrentDir(): string {....gcsafe, extern: "nos$1", tags: [],
                               raises: [OSError], forbids: [].}

Returns the current working directory i.e. where the built binary is run.

So the path returned by this proc is determined at run time.

See also:

• osappdirs: getHomeDir proc
• osappdirs: getConfigDir proc
• osappdirs: getTempDir proc
• osdirs: setCurrentDir proc
• currentSourcePath template
• getProjectPath proc

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proc isAbsolute(path: string): bool {....gcsafe, noSideEffect, ...extern: "nos$1",
                                      raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Checks whether a given path is absolute.

On Windows, network paths are considered absolute too.

Example:

assert not "".isAbsolute
assert not ".".isAbsolute
when defined(posix):
  assert "/".isAbsolute
  assert not "a/".isAbsolute
  assert "/a/".isAbsolute

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proc isRelativeTo(path: string; base: string): bool {....raises: [Exception],
    tags: [RootEffect], forbids: [].}

Returns true if path is relative to base.

Example:

doAssert isRelativeTo("./foo//bar", "foo")
doAssert isRelativeTo("foo/bar", ".")
doAssert isRelativeTo("/foo/bar.nim", "/foo/bar.nim")
doAssert not isRelativeTo("foo/bar.nims", "foo/bar.nim")

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proc isRootDir(path: string): bool {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe, extern: "nos$1",
                                     raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Checks whether a given path is a root directory.

Example:

assert isRootDir("")
assert isRootDir(".")
assert isRootDir("/")
assert isRootDir("a")
assert not isRootDir("/a")
assert not isRootDir("a/b/c")

Source Edit

proc joinPath(head, tail: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Joins two directory names to one.

returns normalized path concatenation of head and tail, preserving whether or not tail has a trailing slash (or, if tail if empty, whether head has one).

See also:

• joinPath(parts: varargs[string]) proc
• / proc
• splitPath proc
• uri.combine proc
• uri./ proc

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert joinPath("usr", "lib") == "usr/lib"
  assert joinPath("usr", "lib/") == "usr/lib/"
  assert joinPath("usr", "") == "usr"
  assert joinPath("usr/", "") == "usr/"
  assert joinPath("", "") == ""
  assert joinPath("", "lib") == "lib"
  assert joinPath("", "/lib") == "/lib"
  assert joinPath("usr/", "/lib") == "usr/lib"
  assert joinPath("usr/lib", "../bin") == "usr/bin"

Source Edit

proc joinPath(parts: varargs[string]): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1OpenArray", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

The same as joinPath(head, tail) proc, but works with any number of directory parts.

You need to pass at least one element or the proc will assert in debug builds and crash on release builds.

See also:

• joinPath(head, tail) proc
• / proc
• /../ proc
• splitPath proc

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert joinPath("a") == "a"
  assert joinPath("a", "b", "c") == "a/b/c"
  assert joinPath("usr/lib", "../../var", "log") == "var/log"

Source Edit

proc lastPathPart(path: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe, extern: "nos$1",
    raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Like extractFilename proc, but ignores trailing dir separator; aka: baseName in some other languages.

See also:

• searchExtPos proc
• splitFile proc
• extractFilename proc
• changeFileExt proc
• addFileExt proc

Example:

assert lastPathPart("foo/bar/") == "bar"
assert lastPathPart("foo/bar") == "bar"

Source Edit

proc normalizedPath(path: string): string {....gcsafe, extern: "nos$1", tags: [],
    raises: [], forbids: [].}

Returns a normalized path for the current OS.

See also:

• absolutePath proc
• normalizePath proc for the in-place version

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert normalizedPath("a///b//..//c///d") == "a/c/d"

Source Edit

proc normalizeExe(file: var string) {....raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

on posix, prepends ./ if file doesn't contain / and is not "", ".", "..".

Example:

import std/sugar
when defined(posix):
  doAssert "foo".dup(normalizeExe) == "./foo"
  doAssert "foo/../bar".dup(normalizeExe) == "foo/../bar"
doAssert "".dup(normalizeExe) == ""

Source Edit

proc normalizePath(path: var string) {....gcsafe, extern: "nos$1", tags: [],
                                       raises: [], forbids: [].}

Normalize a path.

Consecutive directory separators are collapsed, including an initial double slash.

On relative paths, double dot (..) sequences are collapsed if possible. On absolute paths they are always collapsed.

Warning: URL-encoded and Unicode attempts at directory traversal are not detected. Triple dot is not handled.

See also:

• absolutePath proc
• normalizedPath proc for outplace version
• normalizeExe proc

Example:

when defined(posix):
  var a = "a///b//..//c///d"
  a.normalizePath()
  assert a == "a/c/d"

Source Edit

proc normalizePathEnd(path: string; trailingSep = false): string {....raises: [],
    tags: [], forbids: [].}

outplace overload

Example:

when defined(posix):
  assert normalizePathEnd("/lib//.//", trailingSep = true) == "/lib/"
  assert normalizePathEnd("lib/./.", trailingSep = false) == "lib"
  assert normalizePathEnd(".//./.", trailingSep = false) == "."
  assert normalizePathEnd("", trailingSep = true) == "" # not / !
  assert normalizePathEnd("/", trailingSep = false) == "/" # not "" !

Source Edit

proc normalizePathEnd(path: var string; trailingSep = false) {....raises: [],
    tags: [], forbids: [].}

Ensures path has exactly 0 or 1 trailing DirSep, depending on trailingSep, and taking care of edge cases: it preservers whether a path is absolute or relative, and makes sure trailing sep is DirSep, not AltSep. Trailing /. are compressed, see examples. Source Edit

proc parentDir(path: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe, extern: "nos$1",
                                       raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Returns the parent directory of path.

This is similar to splitPath(path).head when path doesn't end in a dir separator, but also takes care of path normalizations. The remainder can be obtained with lastPathPart(path) proc.

See also:

• relativePath proc
• splitPath proc
• tailDir proc
• parentDirs iterator

Example:

assert parentDir("") == ""
when defined(posix):
  assert parentDir("/usr/local/bin") == "/usr/local"
  assert parentDir("foo/bar//") == "foo"
  assert parentDir("//foo//bar//.") == "/foo"
  assert parentDir("./foo") == "."
  assert parentDir("/./foo//./") == "/"
  assert parentDir("a//./") == "."
  assert parentDir("a/b/c/..") == "a"

Source Edit

proc relativePath(path, base: string; sep = DirSep): string {....gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [Exception], tags: [RootEffect], forbids: [].}

Converts path to a path relative to base.

The sep (default: osseps: DirSep) is used for the path normalizations, this can be useful to ensure the relative path only contains '/' so that it can be used for URL constructions.

On Windows, if a root of path and a root of base are different, returns path as is because it is impossible to make a relative path. That means an absolute path can be returned.

See also:

• splitPath proc
• parentDir proc
• tailDir proc

Example:

assert relativePath("/Users/me/bar/z.nim", "/Users/other/bad", '/') == "../../me/bar/z.nim"
assert relativePath("/Users/me/bar/z.nim", "/Users/other", '/') == "../me/bar/z.nim"
when not doslikeFileSystem: # On Windows, UNC-paths start with `//`
  assert relativePath("/Users///me/bar//z.nim", "//Users/", '/') == "me/bar/z.nim"
assert relativePath("/Users/me/bar/z.nim", "/Users/me", '/') == "bar/z.nim"
assert relativePath("", "/users/moo", '/') == ""
assert relativePath("foo", ".", '/') == "foo"
assert relativePath("foo", "foo", '/') == "."

Source Edit

proc sameFile(path1, path2: string): bool {....gcsafe, extern: "nos$1",
    tags: [ReadDirEffect], raises: [OSError], forbids: [].}

Returns true if both pathname arguments refer to the same physical file or directory.

Raises OSError if any of the files does not exist or information about it can not be obtained.

This proc will return true if given two alternative hard-linked or sym-linked paths to the same file or directory.

See also:

• os: sameFileContent proc

Source Edit

proc searchExtPos(path: string): int {....raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Returns index of the '.' char in path if it signifies the beginning of the file extension. Returns -1 otherwise.

See also:

• splitFile proc
• extractFilename proc
• lastPathPart proc
• changeFileExt proc
• addFileExt proc

Example:

assert searchExtPos("a/b/c") == -1
assert searchExtPos("c.nim") == 1
assert searchExtPos("a/b/c.nim") == 5
assert searchExtPos("a.b.c.nim") == 5
assert searchExtPos(".nim") == -1
assert searchExtPos("..nim") == -1
assert searchExtPos("a..nim") == 2

Source Edit

proc splitFile(path: string): tuple[dir, name, ext: string] {.noSideEffect,
    ...gcsafe, extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Splits a filename into (dir, name, extension) tuple.

dir does not end in osseps: DirSep unless it's /. extension includes the leading dot.

If path has no extension, ext is the empty string. If path has no directory component, dir is the empty string. If path has no filename component, name and ext are empty strings.

See also:

• searchExtPos proc
• extractFilename proc
• lastPathPart proc
• changeFileExt proc
• addFileExt proc

Example:

var (dir, name, ext) = splitFile("usr/local/nimc.html")
assert dir == "usr/local"
assert name == "nimc"
assert ext == ".html"
(dir, name, ext) = splitFile("/usr/local/os")
assert dir == "/usr/local"
assert name == "os"
assert ext == ""
(dir, name, ext) = splitFile("/usr/local/")
assert dir == "/usr/local"
assert name == ""
assert ext == ""
(dir, name, ext) = splitFile("/tmp.txt")
assert dir == "/"
assert name == "tmp"
assert ext == ".txt"

Source Edit

proc splitPath(path: string): tuple[head, tail: string] {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Splits a directory into (head, tail) tuple, so that head / tail == path (except for edge cases like "/usr").

See also:

• joinPath(head, tail) proc
• joinPath(parts: varargs[string]) proc
• / proc
• /../ proc
• relativePath proc

Example:

assert splitPath("usr/local/bin") == ("usr/local", "bin")
assert splitPath("usr/local/bin/") == ("usr/local/bin", "")
assert splitPath("/bin/") == ("/bin", "")
when (NimMajor, NimMinor) <= (1, 0):
  assert splitPath("/bin") == ("", "bin")
else:
  assert splitPath("/bin") == ("/", "bin")
assert splitPath("bin") == ("", "bin")
assert splitPath("") == ("", "")

Source Edit

proc tailDir(path: string): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe, extern: "nos$1",
                                     raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Returns the tail part of path.

See also:

• relativePath proc
• splitPath proc
• parentDir proc

Example:

assert tailDir("/bin") == "bin"
assert tailDir("bin") == ""
assert tailDir("bin/") == ""
assert tailDir("/usr/local/bin") == "usr/local/bin"
assert tailDir("//usr//local//bin//") == "usr//local//bin//"
assert tailDir("./usr/local/bin") == "usr/local/bin"
assert tailDir("usr/local/bin") == "local/bin"

Source Edit

proc unixToNativePath(path: string; drive = ""): string {.noSideEffect, ...gcsafe,
    extern: "nos$1", raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Converts an UNIX-like path to a native one.

On an UNIX system this does nothing. Else it converts '/', '.', '..' to the appropriate things.

On systems with a concept of "drives", drive is used to determine which drive label to use during absolute path conversion. drive defaults to the drive of the current working directory, and is ignored on systems that do not have a concept of "drives".

Source Edit

Iterators

iterator parentDirs(path: string; fromRoot = false; inclusive = true): string {.
    ...raises: [], tags: [], forbids: [].}

Walks over all parent directories of a given path.

If fromRoot is true (default: false), the traversal will start from the file system root directory. If inclusive is true (default), the original argument will be included in the traversal.

Relative paths won't be expanded by this iterator. Instead, it will traverse only the directories appearing in the relative path.

See also:

• parentDir proc

Example:

let g = "a/b/c"

for p in g.parentDirs:
  echo p
  # a/b/c
  # a/b
  # a

for p in g.parentDirs(fromRoot=true):
  echo p
  # a/
  # a/b/
  # a/b/c

for p in g.parentDirs(inclusive=false):
  echo p
  # a/b
  # a

Source Edit