Control.Monad.Instances

Copyright	(c) The University of Glasgow 2001
License	BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)
Maintainer	libraries@haskell.org
Stability	provisional
Portability	portable
Safe Haskell	Safe
Language	Haskell2010

Description

Deprecated: This module now contains no instances and will be removed in the future

This module is DEPRECATED and will be removed in the future!

Functor and Monad instances for (->) r and Functor instances for (,) a and Either a.

class Functor f where Source

The Functor class is used for types that can be mapped over. Instances of Functor should satisfy the following laws:

fmap id  ==  id
fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g

The instances of Functor for lists, Maybe and IO satisfy these laws.

Minimal complete definition

fmap

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b Source

(<$) :: a -> f b -> f a infixl 4 Source

Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default definition is fmap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Instances

Functor []
Functor IO
Functor Maybe
Functor ReadP
Functor ReadPrec
Functor Last
Functor First
Functor STM
Functor Handler
Functor ZipList
Functor Identity
Functor ArgDescr
Functor OptDescr
Functor ArgOrder
Functor ((->) r)
Functor (Either a)
Functor ((,) a)
Functor (ST s)
Functor (Proxy *)
Arrow a => Functor (ArrowMonad a)
Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m)
Functor (Const m)
Functor (ST s)
Functor f => Functor (Alt * f)
Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b)

class Applicative m => Monad m where Source

The Monad class defines the basic operations over a monad, a concept from a branch of mathematics known as category theory. From the perspective of a Haskell programmer, however, it is best to think of a monad as an abstract datatype of actions. Haskell's do expressions provide a convenient syntax for writing monadic expressions.

Instances of Monad should satisfy the following laws:

```
return a >>= k  =  k a
```
```
m >>= return  =  m
```

m >>= (x -> k x >>= h)  =  (m >>= k) >>= h

Furthermore, the Monad and Applicative operations should relate as follows:

```
pure = return
```
```
(<*>) = ap
```

The above laws imply:

```
fmap f xs  =  xs >>= return . f
```
```
(>>) = (*>)
```

and that pure and (<*>) satisfy the applicative functor laws.

The instances of Monad for lists, Maybe and IO defined in the Prelude satisfy these laws.

Minimal complete definition

(>>=)

Methods

(>>=) :: forall a b. m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b infixl 1 Source

Sequentially compose two actions, passing any value produced by the first as an argument to the second.

(>>) :: forall a b. m a -> m b -> m b infixl 1 Source

Sequentially compose two actions, discarding any value produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the semicolon) in imperative languages.

return :: a -> m a Source

Inject a value into the monadic type.

fail :: String -> m a Source

Fail with a message. This operation is not part of the mathematical definition of a monad, but is invoked on pattern-match failure in a do expression.

Instances

Monad []
Monad IO
Monad Maybe
Monad ReadP
Monad ReadPrec
Monad Last
Monad First
Monad STM
Monad Identity
Monad ((->) r)
Monad (Either e)
Monad (ST s)
Monad (Proxy *)
ArrowApply a => Monad (ArrowMonad a)
Monad m => Monad (WrappedMonad m)
Monad (ST s)
Monad f => Monad (Alt * f)

© The University of Glasgow and others
Licensed under a BSD-style license (see top of the page).
https://downloads.haskell.org/~ghc/7.10.3/docs/html/libraries/base-4.8.2.0/Control-Monad-Instances.html